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CircularJourney

Atlas

Case studies

One system, documented end to end: how it works, what it costs, who it depends on, where it falls short, and whether any of it could transfer to India.

Nothing published yet

A case study is published when every section is complete, including limitations and what did not work. Field research begins in 2027, so none has reached that bar. The entries below show what is being studied and what each one will have to answer.

Scoped for research6

SurabayaPlanned

Bank Sampah: community waste banks in Indonesia

Neighbourhood-level collection points where households deposit sorted recyclables and are credited for them, often through a savings account. Widely replicated internationally, with highly variable survival rates.

plasticpackagingmunicipal solid waste
SingaporePlanned

Integrated energy recovery and offshore ash disposal, Singapore

A national system in which almost all non-recycled municipal waste is incinerated with energy recovery, and the residual ash is landfilled on a purpose-built offshore site.

municipal solid waste
HanoiPlanned

Informal material recovery alongside formal collection, Vietnam

An established trade of collectors, itinerant buyers and small aggregators recovering material in parallel with municipal collection, as formalisation policy arrives.

plasticmunicipal solid wastepackaging
SeoulPlanned

Volume-based household waste pricing, South Korea

Households pay for residual waste disposal by volume, through prescribed bags or metered food waste bins, so the cost of disposal is felt at the point of disposal.

municipal solid wastefood
BerlinPlanned

Packaging producer responsibility over three decades, Germany

One of the longest-running extended producer responsibility schemes for packaging, alongside a deposit return scheme for beverage containers.

packagingplastic
KigaliPlanned

Enforced restriction of single-use plastic bags, Rwanda

A national restriction on single-use plastic bags, introduced early and enforced consistently, at an income level well below the countries usually cited for plastic policy.

plastic

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